Climate Change And Urban Environment - 939 Words

Change in climate is becoming a major concern on a global scale, as it has had a tremendous impact on urban environment. Oxford dictionary defines climate change as: ‘A change in global or regional climate patterns, [†¦] attributed to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.’ (Oxford Dictionary 2015) The increasing amount of green house gases (GHG) released in the atmosphere is causing significant changes in the environment leading to unpredictable weather patterns and warming of the climate system is putting a great pressure on city development and infrastructures. This essay outlines three problems caused by climate change in urban areas, and evaluates the effectiveness of some of the mitigation and adaptation strategies. This essay reasons that mitigation and adaptation strategies need to work in synergy in order to address the situation effectively. The three problems caused by climate change are, rise in sea level, varied energy demand, and water scarcity. Firstly, the impact on costal areas contributing to sea level rise has made low-lying cities vulnerable to them. Hunt and Watkiss (2011, p. 32) estimates that a 50 m raise in sea level would render Mumbai’s informal communities in severe despair. Moreover, climate change will lead to variation in energy demand. Hunt and Watkiss (2011, p. 33) explain even though winter heating will decrease due to warmer weather, cooling anticipated increasing in summer, increasing GHGShow MoreRelatedGlobal Environmental Issues Facing Climate Change Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesBy 2030, the urban population will reach 5 billion – 60 % of the world’s population.It is clear that the development of urban areas holds the key to many of the challenges we face in our interactions with the environment. Climate change has become one of the most challenging global environmental issues facing humanity.. Urban households, industries and infrastructures are key sources of greenhouse gases. Urban areas concentrate populations, economic activities and built environments, thus increasingRead MoreEffects Of Climate Change On Urban Areas871 Words   |  4 Pagespercent of the total population lives in urban areas (UN-Habitat 2009 p. xxii). Growing urbanization has led to many consequences on the environment. As a result, many cities face detrimental effects as the climate is becoming unfavourable daily. This essay outlines the significant impacts caused by climate changes in urban areas and evaluates the effectiveness of mitigation and adaptation approaches to solve these problems. However, the effects due to climate change should be considered and significantRead MoreWhy Wildfires Are An Threat Of Safety, Economy And Environment1567 Words   |  7 PagesWildfires are an increasing threat to safety, economy and environment. Remote sensing technologies offer a la rge diversity of environmental information to help fire risk prevention services. In this regard, the European Copernicus program integrates a suite of space-born and in-situ datasets to support a wide range of applications, including fire risk assessment. This chapter provides an overview of the Copernicus products and services that are currently used to evaluate fire risk conditions, andRead MoreThe Extent to which Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Can Contribute towards Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change Futures1062 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction Climate change the ‘wicked problem’ is continuously imposing significant threat to the nature as whole according to the recent projections (IPCC 2013; Bondeau et al. 2013). This anticipated hazard is unavoidable to some extent though the source of the problem (‘green house gas’ emission) is barred right now (IPCC 2014a). Combination of mitigation (reducing or capturing GHG) and adaptation effort has been suggested both in the short and long term to achieve the complementary advantageRead MoreAdaptation Structural And Behavioral Adaptations1628 Words   |  7 Pageskeeps that organism alive. This could mean adapting to climates—cold, moderate, hot as well as climate change—, invasive predators, etc. There are two observed ways of adaptation structural and behavioral. Structural adaptation is a physical change to the organism like how the Aves species adapted to have hollow bones and wings for an aerial lifestyle. Behavioral adaptation is how or ganisms change its ways of hunting, finding shelter, or any change that is done for survival. In this paper, the focusRead MoreThe Age Of Sustainable Development1186 Words   |  5 Pages In his book, The Age of Sustainable Development, Jeffery Sachs begins with the role of technological change in sustainable development. Sachs uses the Maglev in Shanghai as an example of how technological change can help with sustainable development. It improved transport services and energy efficiency, eventually enabling a shift to a clean low carbon system. Instead of being powered by finite resources such as coal or petroleum, the Maglev is powered by electricity. In most cases statesRead MoreClimate Change ´s Impact on the NY-NJ-PA Part of the US1088 Words   |  4 PagesRecently, the environment issues are becoming more and more serious. The increasing of greenhouse gas emission and pollutions lead to many environment problems related to climate change. The climate change impact our urban life in many aspects. As the biggest metropolitan area in US, New York-Newark-Jer sey City, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area has a population about 19,831,858 by year 2012 (U.S. Department of Commerce, US Census Bureau, 2012) The population has been increased by 1.35% sinceRead More2.1. Urban Green Area Definition And Characteristics. According1189 Words   |  5 Pages2.1. Urban green area definition and characteristics According to James et al. (2009) the terms green space and open space are often used interchangeably. James et al. (2009) considered green spaces as land, whether publicly or privately owned and consists of predominantly unsealed, permeable, surfaces such as soil, grass, shrubs, trees and water. Urban areas are characterized by mosaics of land, which are commercial buildings, residential areas, industrial buildings, and these interspersed withRead MoreUrban Sustainability And Its Impact On The Environment1597 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Urban sustainability is a very important topic that needs to be addressed and focused on so that cities and communities all over the world can change and reduce their harmful impact on the environment. In order to do so, communities must develop sustainably by focusing on how to manage resources in a way that guarantees welfare and promotes equity of current and future generations (Elmqvist, 2013). The impact of urbanization is only going to increase, so cities around the world needRead MoreUrbanization Of The 21st Century1542 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The 21st century is witnessing an increase of the world’s population into urban dwellers. Dramatic movement of people into major towns and cities of the world is caused by rapid sprawl; this is observed in developed and developing countries. This increasing recognition is inevitable; therefore the solution to urban problems depends largely on effective planning, infrastructural management and development. Usually, unplanned population growth is associated to population demands that supersede

Accounting Ch17 Answer - 17332 Words

Visit Free Slides and Ebooks : http://downloadslide.blogspot.com CHAPTER 17 Investments ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE (BY TOPIC) Topics 1. Debt investments. (a) Held-for-collection. (b) Trading. 2. Bond amortization. 3. Equity investments. (a) Non-trading. (b) Trading. Questions 1, 2, 3, 13 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 13 2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 22 6, 7 1, 12, 17 16, 22 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 22 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 22 10, 11, 25 23, 27 24 29 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 5 10 11 12 21 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 12 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 7, 8 6 1, 3, 10 2, 4 1, 2, 3 Brief Exercises Exercises 1 2, 3, 4 5 3, 4, 5 1 8, 10, 11 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17 13, 14, 17, 18 10, 11 6, 7 19, 20 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 1, 2, 7 1, 3, 4, 7 1, 2 4, 7 3 Problems Concepts for†¦show more content†¦Kieso Intermediate: IFRS Edition, Solutions Manual 17-3 Visit Free Slides and Ebooks : http://downloadslide.blogspot.com ASSIGNMENT CHARACTERISTICS TABLE (Continued) Item P17-10 P17-11 P17-12 *P17-13 *P17-14 *P17-15 *P17-16 *P17-17 *P17-18 CA17-1 CA17-2 CA17-3 CA17-4 CA17-5 CA17-6 CA17-7 Description Equity investments. Investments—statement presentation. Gain on sale of investments and comprehensive income. Derivative financial instrument. Derivative financial instrument. Free-standing derivative. Fair value hedge interest rate swap. Cash flow hedge. Fair value hedge. Issues raised about investments. Equity investments. Financial statement effect of investments. Equity investments. Investment accounted for under the equity method. Equity investments. Fair value—ethics. Level of Difficulty Complex Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Simple Moderate Simple Moderate Moderate Time (minutes) 30–40 20–30 20–30 20–25 20–25 20–25 30–40 25–35 25–35 25–30 25–30 20–30 20–25 15–25 25–35 2 5–35 17-4 Copyright  ©Show MoreRelatedFinancial Management: Summary and Definitions.2329 Words   |  10 PagesFinancial Management: Summary and Definitions Analysis of ch16: Working capital management is a managerial accounting strategy focusing on maintaining efficient levels of both components of working capital, current assets and current liabilities, in respect to each other. Working capital management ensures a company has sufficient cash flow in order to meet its short-term debt obligations and operating expenses. Implementing an effective working capital management system is an excellent way for

Difference in Culture Effecting Business Communication

Question: What is role of Communication in business activity. What are the different types of communication styles used in an organisation. Also explain all these communicationstyle should be used in oder to achieve goal. Introduction Communication is the key to every business activity. It helps the people in the business to cooperate and collaborate for a definite cause. The decision making and control are all possible through effective communication process in the business enterprises. In the present day world, the multinationals have grown their business process in various countries and regions. This has led to the development of various cultures in one business set up of a company. The difference culture is characterized by different backgrounds and languages of the employees working in a company. This affects the negotiation process and effective management which requires complete understanding of each culture that exist in the organization. This way different communication styles are required to be developed to achieve high end goals and objectives for the company maintain peace, harmony and collaboration in the organization (Guang Trotter, 2012). Communication styles used in organizations to fill the gaps created by culture Types of communication style: There are different types of communication styles that have been identified to help the effective management of the business enterprises (Henry, 2007). This includes the followings. Assertive: The Assertive communication style is method in which the others are communicated about the decisions taken without being too aggressive or passive. This way the medium level approach is used in which the voice of the person remains medium, open posture and relaxed behavior is applied. The respect of others is also done in decision making process but the final call is given by the higher management which is required to be followed by the employees. Aggressive: Aggressive communication style is referred to the method in which the behavior of other people is affected up to extent so that the organization goals are achieved at any cost. In this kind of communication style the voice of the person remains loud along with bigger postures and sharp gestures. This way threatening and hostile behavior may be observed to make other work as per the decision taken to achieve the organization objectives. Passive aggressive: In the passive aggressive style of communication the person does not openly dictate the decision, but still respond accordingly in an indirect manner. This way the others are made felt the after math of the outcome achieved by them through application of demotion, removal, complaint etc against the person. This way a person stays to communicate in a sweet voice but continues to keep aggressive thoughts and shows the effect in the decision making through asymmetrical postures and jerky or quick gesture. Submissive: A Submissive communication style is that which considers peace and harmony application in the organization at the cost of compromising the organization objectives. That is efforts are made by the person to avoid conflict and please others. This way the employees are given more rights and often controlled lesser. This kind of communication style is featured by apologetic behavior with soft volume, head down posture and twist gestures from the authorized personnel. Manipulative: In Manipulative communication style the decisions of others are controlled and influenced with making any aggressive directions towards them. This way the cunning behavior of the person directs the employees to achieve the organization goals for their personal advantage. The voice used in this communication style is more patronizing, and the facial expressions are more of hand dog type. The other people are controlled and influenced in such a way that they wont even know that they are trying to achieve a definite goal for the authorized person. Applying the communication styles in an organization The application of the various discussed communication styles is done in the organization with the motive of achieving organization goals that will result in achieving sustenance and development in the long run (Guang Trotter, 2012). The application of the various communication style can be done to achieve the followings. Regulating behavior in multi-cultural scenario: The main motive behind every communication in an organization is to regulate the behavior of the employees. This way ranging from high to low context communication styles are used to direct the employees towards achievement of certain objectives and goals. This way either in written or oral communication method the employees are directed towards a certain achievement or guided to respond accordingly as per the expectations of the higher management. In a multi-cultural scenario the norms and directions are communicated using personal contacts and close supervision so that the correct and exact message should be transmitted. This way through personal contacts efforts are made to avoid any confusion and achieve formal approval of all the employees with different cultural backgrounds. Contracts: The cultural difference often tends to affect the contract in a business organization. In western countries the contracts are homogenous, however in other countries the contract may vary in features. This way the communication style from the above stated is adopted to convey the terms and conditions of the contract to the employees from different cultural backgrounds. This way they are stated with the terms and conditions of work so that they do not feel cheated or exploited later on. Negotiations and decision making: The negotiations and decision making is severely affected by the cultural difference. The cultural difference results in creating obstacles in the negotiations and decision making. The employees are sometimes unable to understand the proposals that are sent by the employees of different cutlures for decision making process. This way confrontational bargaining technique can be applied to understand the exact meaning and objective of the proposal so that the appropriate decision making process can be adopted. Thus one on one bargaining helps in bringing the multi-cultural employees direct in contact with the higher management so that the effective and most acceptable decision is reached out. Establishing relationships: In a multicultural organization it is always tried to bring in relationships between employees so that they can work hard and collaborate with each other towards achievement of organization goals. An organization where employees belonging to different culture come together to make efforts for achieving organization goals actually bring in synergy effect. This way efficient decision making and effective outcome is achieved through the formal communication process. Transparency: In an multicultural organization the effective communication style helps in bringing transparency. The employees of different cultures do not feel alienated. This way they consider themselves to be the part of the whole organization group and work to achieve the organization goals as assigned to them. Also the complaints and negative thoughts are all removed through the transparency application in the business process and the employees trust the organization and its decision making process. Criticism The critics are of the view that the communication style used may or may not be appropriate in an organization. Therefore it is difficult to select the correct communication style in a multicultural environment. Thus it is mere the understanding of the authorities to apply the particular communication style that could effectively bring in higher gains and benefits to the organization by achieving collaboration of various employees (Gill, 2002). Critics are also of the view that the various communication styles that are suggested may not help in a multicultural environment. This is because, that in some cultures the control of the management is considered important to get effective outcomes. For instance in Chinese, Japanese and other Asian cultures the management is expected to control and direct the employees. However in the European cultures the employees do not like to be controlled or regulated for any reason. In American culture there is mix of Asian and European culture. Therefore a formal level of control is actually tried to be achieved so that the employee can efficiently work towards achievement of organization goals (Boswell Olson-Buchanan, 2007). Critics are of the view that the Cultural difference cannot be controlled through effective communication. Thus it is suggested that to direct and control the employees so that they only feel themselves to be the employees of the company while in the premises. Thus the development in terms of culture should be avoided in the organization (Chopra Meindl, 2001). Conclusion In the end, cultural difference affects the business communication process. It acts a halt in the decision making and control process that is required to achieve the different organization objectives. Various communication styles are discussed so that the cultural difference affects can be undermined and the effective management can be administered (Bent, 2008). The various benefits of using the effective communication style has also been discussed which could help in the achievement of organization goals and maintain harmony within the employees in an organization. Finally criticism has been done on the basis that no communication process can prove effective to tackle with the cultural differences and therefore development of culture in an organization should be avoided (Benn Martin, 2010). Also the selection of the most appropriate communication style is considered a difficult task as per the critics view. These way efforts should be concentrated to achieve harmony, collaboration and cooperation within an organization with cultural difference to achieve organization targets and goals. Bibliography Benn, S. Martin, A., 2010. Learning and Change for Sustainability Reconsidered: A Role for Boundary Objects. Academy of Management, Learning and Education, 9(3), pp.397-412. Bent, H.E., 2008. Professionalization of the Ph.d degree. College composition and communication 58 no. 4, 2007, 5 December. p.141. Boswell, W.R. Olson-Buchanan, J.B., 2007. "The Use of Communication Technologies After Hours: The Role of Work Attitudes and Work-Life Conflict". Journal of Management, 33(4), p.592. Butkeviciene, V.J., Stravinskiene Rutelione, A., 2008. Impact of consumer package communication on consumer decision making process. Incinerate Economical-Engineering Economics, 1, pp.57-65. Chopra, S. Meindl, P., 2001. Supply Chain Management: Strategy, Planning and Operation. 1st ed. New Jersey: Princeton Hall. Gill, R., 2002. Change management or change leadership? Journal of Change Management, pp.3 (4), 307-318. Guang, T. Trotter, D., 2012. Key issues in cross-cultural business communication: Anthropological approaches to international business. African Journal of Business Management., 6(22), pp.6456-64. Henry, E.B., 2007. Professionalization of the Ph.D. Degree. College Composition and Communication 58 no.4, p.141.

The Ripken Way Essays - Cal Ripken Jr., Cal Ripken Sr., Billy Ripken

The Ripken Way The first book I read this summer was a non-fiction piece written by Cal Ripken Sr., called the Ripken Way. There are many ways in which mr. Ripken posseses qualitites that are very human: he was a normal person, just like anybody else, not just an extraordinary baseball player and manager; he was married to a wife and had four children. He was a hard worker, and through out the book he has an emphasis on working hard in life in order to be successful, and lastly, he was a very unique person, in many ways. First, when most people think of Cal Ripken, they think of one of the all time great baseball players, and he was that. But, he was also just an ordinary person, with a normal life. Like most other people, he was married to a wife, and also had four children. He was just not a ball player, he was a dedicated husband and father that did the best he could to raise his kids and teach them the correct way to do things, and teach them the lessons in life. He was a busy man, because of his baseball carear, he had lots of time taken away from his family as both a baseball player and as a manager. He took advantage of any time he got to spend time with his children. An example of this was when he was managing, and ran baseball clinics. He decided to take the difficult task of not only attending these baseball clinics, but also taking his children so he could be with them. As busy as he was, he took time out of his extremely busy life to get quality time with his family, this took much sacrif ice, but it's a human traight, like any other man, not matter what he may be doing. Secondly, in the book, Cal explains how he brought up his children and enstilled the correct values inisde them in order to be successful (as well as instructing baseball players on how to improve their game while simaltaniously teaching life lessons that apply both on and off the baseball field). An example is his son, Cal Ripken jr., whom was brought up around the sport of baseball, and that was a huge advantage, but, he wasn't always the biggest athlete on the team. As a matter of fact, when he was a young high school student, he had a poor batting average, a weak arm, lacked in some basic skills, and wasn't too tall either. But, as he was raised by his father, he learned propper and neccessary life values in order to suceed in whatever he does. If his father taught him one thing, it would be to work hard and work at whatever your weak at over and over again (correctly; the right way). Cal had worked hard, the skills he lacked, he drilled correctly and repeatidly until he had got the skills he needed. He worked out more, and bulked up, and, if he had any questions, he asked them and got all of his problems straightened out if anything had confused him. Eventually when he was a senior, he had the best batting average on the team, was one of the biggest players, and had developed all the skills he had needed from all of the hard work. Lastly, Cal was a unique person, in many ways. He was a loving father and husband, and also a tough person, who makes mistakes sometimes, like everybody else. He has done things that many other men would never do. Some things he has done weren't the smartest things to do, but he felt was the right thing to do. One example that can describe this is how he reacts to getting hit by a baseball. Everybody knows (whether you're a player or not) that when you're batting, and a high speed fast ball is pitched at you, and hits you, it hurts. Cal, however, has a different view; even though he has been hit and has admitted it's painful, he was just stick to his opinion, that "the ball only weighs five-and-a-quater onces, how much can it hurt?" Another display of

Death of a Salesman Literary Analysis Essay Example

Death of a Salesman Literary Analysis Paper Trent Beebe Beebe 1 Mr. Arena 4th hour AP Lang Comp 12/17/09 Death of a Salesman Essay The story, Death of a Salesman, is a story that has many literary devices that help to make it the deep and riveting story that has become an American classic. The use of symbols in the story adds to the overall effect and theme and also creates a different mood that the reader must infer from it. The symbols not only represent something in the story as literally a symbol, but of much importance because of the numerous times they appear in the work. There are countless symbols in the story that help to give the reader a different feeling for it but there are a select few that really represent the most important themes and ideas from the book. The use of seeds in the story as a metaphor for Willy Loman’s life gives the reader a short and simple thought of Willy’s thought on life. Willy believed that if he worked hard and set a good example for his kids that he would in turn be successful and they would eventually be successful. His thought was the same as that for the seeds; you plant them, put some effort into trying to grow them, and they will grow to be big and strong. We will write a custom essay sample on Death of a Salesman Literary Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Death of a Salesman Literary Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Death of a Salesman Literary Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer His boys would be like the plants in a way that they would grow to be big and strong and successful and provide for the family but that never ended up happening and Willy was disappointed about this. Willy was mainly disappointed because he felt like a failure as a father to Biff. Biff had everything going for him, All-American football player, ladies man, anything he wanted he could get. Willy thought the highest of Biff and eventually Biff never really made anything of himself and was basically a bum. All of what had happened to Biff reflected back onto Willy and Willy felt that it was his fault and felt he failed as a father. Another use of symbols is almost a minor one because of its little insignificance to the play, but its broad idea can be easily understood when fully examined. For all of Willy’s life, his son Biff, was the ultimate athlete. He was college bound to play football and had everything going for him. He was missing just one thing; His academics. He flunked math and was not able to graduate, meaning he could not play college football unless he passed. Biff’s friend and â€Å"study buddy†, Bernard, assured Biff that if he didn’t study he would flunk math and not graduate. Biff ignored this idea and instead went to practice to become a better football player. This event comes full circle when Biff eventually becomes a bum all due to the fact that he never passed math and Bernard is a big successful lawyer. A decade after this whole ordeal went down, Willy goes to visit his neighbor Charley, at his office. Willy is surprised to see Bernard there and has a quick chat with him about how he became so successful. Through this process, Willy noticed that Bernard had a tennis racket, and asked Bernard what he needed it for to go on this trip. Bernard eventually told him that it was to play tennis at one of his friend’s house in Washington D. C. Willy is surprised by this and feels happy for Bernard. The whole point to that part of the story was to use the tennis racket as a symbol showing the significance that hard work has on people. The old saying goes, â€Å"you work hard, you play hard†, and Bernard worked hard and is now getting to play hard and Biff never worked hard and now his life is dull, boring, and he has become a bum mooching off of his parents. A third symbol used in the story as a literary device was the thought of getting rich and making it to the top, and that meant going to Africa with Willy’s brother Ben to find diamonds, the main source of becoming rich. Years back, Willy’s brother Ben, asked Willy if he would want to travel to Alaska during the gold rush to try and hit it big. Willy refused because he wanted to make it big by way of the American Dream. Willy did not know it then, but he was making a huge mistake. Ben went the wrong way to Alaska and ended up in Africa, only to become very rich by hitting it big with diamonds that he found in a mine there. The diamonds he find make him rich and he one day comes back to Willy to tell him off his intangible wealth. Willy is quite surprised and ponders at the decision he made. The diamond and the thought of being rich were Willy’s ambitions in life and what he strived for to achieve for his family. Towards the end of the story, Willy thinks about his way to find the diamonds and realizes the only way he could get it would to be by killing himself and having his life insurancego to his family so they could finally have what Willy worked for all those years. Willy did follow through in his plan and he felt that killing himself was meaningful toward the betterment toward the family and he found his diamond that he had been searching for his whole life. The story, Death of a Salesman, used these and other symbols to add the theme of the book and allowed for the story to be a literature dream. The symbols not only represented broad topics of it, but also the significance of minor details that add to the story and make it that much better for the reader. Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. New York: Penguin Books, 1998.

Andrew Jackson Essays - Second Party System, Taney Court

Andrew Jackson Essays - Second Party System, Taney Court Andrew Jackson Guardians of Freedom? The first and truest ideals of democracy were embodied in the political ideas of Andrew Jackson and the Jacksonian democrats. Calling themselves the guardians of the United States Constitution, the Jacksonian politicians engendered wide spread liberty under a government which represented all men, rather than only the upper class. While some policies under the democrats had evident flaws, they were, for the most part, eager social reformers who strived to put the power of government into the hands of the common citizens. The convictions and ideals of the Jacksonian Democrats can be best illustrated through a passage written by George Henry Evans. Evans was an editor with strong democratic principles who created The Working Mens Declaration of Independence (Doc. A). Within the declaration, Evans stresses the importance of establishing democracy. He uses words and phrases from Jeffersons Declaration of Independence to clarify his points and stress his convictions. Stating the absolute necessity of the organization of the party, Evans explains that it will be possible to prevent the upper class from subverting the indefeasible and fundamental privilege of liberty. And finally, Evans states that it is the common citizens right to use every constitutional means necessary to reform the abuses and provide new guards for future security. In doing so, he documented the characteristic attitude of the majority of the country in the 1820s and 1830s. Evans was only one of the many Jacksonian democrats to contribute to the success of the party and to the reforms that they made. Chief Justice Roger B. Taneys opinion in the Supreme Court Case of Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge was a capitalist decision which was a typical response for a Jacksonian democrat (Doc. H). This decision stated that while the Charter of 1785 allowed the Charles River Bridge to be constructed, it did not prohibit any other bridges from being constructed. Therefore, Taney decided that the capitalistic competition would be healthy for the economy of the regions along the Charles River. In doing this, Taney was eliminating the monopolies of the elite and creating equal economic opportunities for all citizens. As a result, Taney contributed to one of the major achievements of the Jacksonian Democrats - to create economic equality. The President of the United States of America and leader of the Democratic party, Andrew Jackson, was perhaps the most outspoken democrat of the time. He used his position as leader of the country to give more power to the common man. Even before his election as president, he succeeded in having the property qualification eliminated, therefore, increasing the voting population tremendously. Jackson became the first president truly elected by the common man, rather than only high society. For the first time in the history of the nation, the middle class received the opportunity to participate in the government that ruled them. Jackson did not stop with the reformation of the election process. Instead, he attacked the Bank of the United States and vetoed the re-charter for the institution. President Jackson explained that the banks stock was held by only foreigners and a few hundred rich American citizens. As a result, the bank maintained an exclusive privilege of banking... - a monopoly (Doc. B). The Democrats believed the bank to be a tool of rich oppression and a dangerous institution because the men in power were of the highest class and utterly irresponsible to the people. So, President Jackson vetoed the re-charter and it was closed. The money was dispersed into several state banks and the monopoly was disintegrated. Indeed, the Democrats succeeded in creating a new government for the rule of a society of middle class citizens. And, the middle class began to prosper under the struggle for economic equality. Visiting the United States in 1834, Harriet Martineau reported the prosperity of the country (Doc. D). She discovered the absence of poverty, gross ignorance, and insolence of manner as well as towns with newspapers and libraries. She also reported on political debated with common citizens as judges. It is quite clear that the expansion of suffrage, support for individual rights, and advances of democratic society were responsible for the prosperity of the time. However, it would be both irrational and naive to assume that the ideals of Jacksonian democrats were without flaw. And it would be preposterous to conceive a period in American history without its low points. This holds true for the period of 1820 - 1830 as well. A number of middle class citizens misinterpreted democratic reforms as an opportunity to disregard

HND Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

HND Business Law - Essay Example ement is entered into, regardless of the manner in which it is executed, all parties agree to abide by the terms and conditions spelled out in said agreement. Only if all parties agree to be released from a particular clause in the contract, or an agreement is reached to null and void the entire contract, it remains in force. If violated, one party will likely have a claim against the other in a court of law. This brief section covers all three of these different types of contracts. When considering verbal agreements and contracts, it is important to remember that they are legally binding as a written contract in many situations. The key today, however, is proving the terms and conditions in question when a disagreement arises in a modern business situation. Under UK law, it has been largely determined that there are two main areas that constitute an actual binding agreement between two or more parties. The first involves whether or not an agreement was actually clearly reached as to the services that were to be performed, or goods provided. The second involves remuneration. If a figure was reached and agreed upon, it would be considered binding. Interestingly enough a verbal agreement today can be reached via either an in-person or on telephone voice exchange, or via email. Verbal contracts are more difficult to prove in a court of law. If one party states that the other party did not meet the conditions or warranties stipulated in the agreement, then problems can arise. If these are written out in a formal and written agreement, the issue is often quickly resolved. If, however, the agreement was verbal in nature, it can quickly become a ‘he said, she said’ affair that makes it difficult to prove one way or other in court. As such, it is recommended that the terms and conditions be clearly spelled out in a contract. Written agreements, quite simply, are similar to verbal agreements, except that they have a verifiable signature on them from all